Simple & Compound Sentences
Câu đơn và câu ghép
Simple sentence (câu đơn)
Mary usually goes to the cinema on the weekend.
Compound sentence (câu ghép)
I was really hungry, so I ate a big breakfast.
Complex sentence (câu phức)
I stayed at home because it was raining.
Compound-complex sentence (câu phức tổng hợp)
I stayed at home because it was raining, but my sister went out.
Câu đơn chỉ có một mệnh đề độc lập, gồm ít nhất một chủ ngữ và một động từ. Có thể có nhiều chủ ngữ hoặc động từ nhưng chỉ diễn đạt một ý chính.
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
|---|---|
| S + V | She runs. |
| S + V + O | They love me. |
| S + V + O1 + O2 | John gave me a ring. |
| S + V + C | My father is a pilot. |
| S + V + Adv | He walks slowly. |
| S + V + O + C | They painted the wall pink. |
Câu ghép có ít nhất hai mệnh đề độc lập liên quan về nghĩa. Có 4 cách nối:
Clause 1, + FANBOYS + Clause 2.
Correlative + Clause 1, + correlative + Clause 2.
Clause 1; + conjunctive adverb, + Clause 2.
Clause 1; + Clause 2.
Liên từ kết hợp
I was really hungry, so I ate a big breakfast.
Liên từ tương quan
Just as baseball is loved in Japan, so football is loved in Vietnam.
Trạng từ liên kết
He didn’t study; therefore, he failed the test.
Dấu chấm phẩy
Computers are used widely; they are a sign of progress.
| Mục đích | Trạng từ | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| Kết quả | as a result, therefore, consequently, accordingly | She couldn’t find a job; accordingly, she couldn’t pay her rent. |
| Bổ sung | moreover, furthermore, in addition, additionally, besides | It was a good car; moreover, the price was reasonable. |
| Đối lập | however, nevertheless, nonetheless, in contrast | I knew a lot already; nevertheless, her talk was interesting. |
| Nhấn mạnh | indeed, in fact | It became hard to find work; indeed, it was almost impossible. |